Larvicidal and pupcidal efficacy of Momordica charantia leaf extract and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston. (Diptera: Culicidae)

The efficacy of leaf extracts of Momordica charantia and Bacillus thuringiensis has been proven against larvicidal and pupicidal activities of the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi. The present study investigated the larvicidal and pupicidal activity against the first to fourth instar lavae and pupae of the laboratory-reared mosquitoes, An. stephensi. The plant extract showed larvicidal and pupicidal effects after 24 h of exposure. All larval instars and pupae have considerably moderate mortality; however, the highest larval and pupal mortality was the methanol extract of leaf M. charantia against the firstto fourth instars larvae and pupae values of LC 50 =I instar was 93.45 ppm, II instar was 123.74 ppm, III instar was 167.17 ppm, and IV instar was 216.15 ppm, and pupae was 256.66 ppm, respectively and bacterial insecticide, B. thuringiensis for the first-to fourth instars larvae and pupae recorded the LC 50 values: 53.47 ppm, 62.09 ppm, 79.15 ppm, 95.39 ppm, and 105.76 ppm for the IIV instar larvae and pupae, respectively. The combined treatment recorded the values of LC 50 85.09 ppm, 90.51 ppm, 111.91 ppm, and 137.61 ppm for I to IV instars and 154.40 ppm for pupae respectively. The results of the present investigation revealed effect of methanolic extract of M. charantia and B. thuringiensis for controlling of larvicidal and pupicidal properties of against malarial vector, A. stephensi.